Governor for water-wheels



PATENTED JAE. 5,1904.

7 M. P. SOHENUK. GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB; 10, 189? 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

M. P. SGHENGK. 1 GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10, 1897.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

No 748,659. PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

M. r. SGHENOK. GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 10, 1897. v 5 SHEETS-MIKE! 3" H0 MODEL.

No. 748,659. PATENTBD JAN. 5, 1904.

. M. P. SGHENGK.

GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 10, 1897.

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No; 748,659. I PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

M. P. SGHENGK. GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED 313.10, 1897.

H0 IODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

No. 748,659. V Patented .Tanuary 5, 1904. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARCUS P. SCHENCK, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE SCHENCK GOVERNOR COMPANY, OF 'MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

GOVERNOR FOR .WATER-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 748,659, dated January 5,, 1904.

I Application filed February 10, 1897. Serial No. 622,824. (Nomodeld To all whom it may concern: gate or may be indirectly connected there- 50 Be it known that I, MAuoUs P. SOHENCK, with.

a citizen of the United States, residing at 2 is a rotary motor suitably connected with Springfield, in the county of Hampden and the shaft '1 and of a construction to be here- State of Massachusetts, have invented a cerinafter described. The motor receives fluidtain new and useful Improvement in Governpressure through diametrically opposite ports 55 ore for Water-Wheels, of which the following 3 to wind up the connection which opens the is a specification. gate, or it may receive fluid-pressure through My invention relates to apparatus whereby the diametrically'opposite ports 4: to cause ro the volume of water supplied to a water-motation of the motor in a direction to close the tor will be automatically regulated according, water-gate. to the load which is on the machinery and to 5 and 6 are pipes which conduct fluid-presthat class of such devices which employ a sure to the ports 3 and 4. from their outlets 7 prime mover or a motor for imparting motion and 8 of a valve 9. 10 represents the inlet of to a winding-shaft or equivalent connection said valve 9, and 11 the exhaust or outlet.

employed for opening and closing the water- When the valve is moved upward and the gate and a valve for controlling the motor supply-port 10 is in communication with the which may be employed for actuating the outlet 7, the motor will be rotated in a direcwiuding -shaft. tion to open the water-gate, the exhaust cs- 20 My invention consists in certain novel feacaping from said motor through the port 4,

tures of construction and combinations of pipe 6, and passage 8 beneath the valve to the parts, which will be hereinafter described, outlet 11. If, however, the position of the and particularly pointed out in the claims. valve is reversed, the exhaust takes place In the accompanying drawings, forming a through ports 3, pipe 5, and passage 7, and

25 part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side hollow valve-plug 12 to the outlet 11, while elevation of the complete apparatus. Fig. 2 the fluid-pressure is transmitted from the inis a similar view of the opposite side. Fig. let 10 through passage 8, pipe 6, and port 4,

3 is a plan of the same. Fig. 4 is avertical so that the motor will be rotated in a direcaxial section of the motor. Figs. 5 and 6 are tion to close the water-gate.

0 respectively a transverse section showing the Fluid-pressure is developed in a tank 13,

removable end of the cylinder removed and in which air is trapped and into which oil is a transverse section showing the clampingpumped to the extent indicated by the dotted ring removed. Fig. 7 represents in different line, such pressure serving to drive out the views one of the pitr nen forming part of the oil which I employ as the pressure medium 35 reciprocating connection for the gates. Fig. through pipe 14 to the inlet 10. Oil is con 8 shows similar views representing the crank. stantly supplied to the pressure-chamber 13 Fig. 9 shows views representing the constructhrough a pipe 15, which leads from the distion of the gear-wheel'for rotating the crank. charge-port 16 of a pump 17, said pump re- Fig. 10 represents the construction of the segceiving oil through inlet 18 and pipe 19, which 0 mental rack. Fig. 11 represents the construcleads from storage-tank 20. The exhaust 11 tion of one of the locking-plates for holding also communicates with tank 20 to avoid a the gear-wheels against rotation while movwaste of oil. ing from one rack to the other. Fig. 12 rep- 21 represents a pipe leading from the head resents the construction of the blocks for diof the pump back to the storing-tank and 45 viding the pressurechamber into compart under control of a valve 22 in order to perments. Fig. 13 isasectional detail of the govmit the escape of air from the pump when ernor. starting.

1 represents the shaft, which may be the 23 represents a counter-shaft driven by a Winding-shaft for controlling the water-Wheel pulley 24, which receives motion from any suitable source. A crank in said counter= shaft is connected by a pitman 26 with the slide-block 27 of the pumppiston 28 and whereby operates said pump.

From so much of the description it will be seen that I have provided a motor controlling the winding-shaft, a pressure-tank for supplying fluid-pressure to the motor, a valve for controlling the supply of said pressure, and a pump for continuously taking the oil which is returned from the motor and delivering it under pressure to the pressure-tank. The operation of the pump is such that it maintains a partial vacuum in the storage-tank 20.

The pressure-tank may have a stand-pipe 29' with pressure-gage 30 and a safety-valve 31 with blow-off 32.

It now remains to describe a suitable governor for controlling the valve 9. This may consist of the common form of ball-governor 33, central rod 34 of which extends down and enters asleeve 35, fixed by a pin 36 upon the upper end of a valve-stem 37. The governor is thereby adapted to depress the valve as the speed passes a certain point, and thereby admit fluid-pressure to the motor through the ports 4 and cause a slight closing of the watergate. If, however, the governor is rotated at a rate of speed which is too slow, the rod 34 is drawn up again. In order now to raise the valve so as to discontinue the closing movement of the gate, a lever 38, fulcrumed at 39 and engaging the sleeve at 40, carries a spring 41, which rocks the lever upon its fulcrum and lifts the valve-stem 37 as far as permitted by the governor. If the governor slows down sufficiently, the lever 38 will raise the valve far enough to supply fluid-pressure to the motor through the ports 3 and open the gate to let on more water. It will readily be seen that the adjustment of these parts is such that they may change in the speed of the governor from one side or the other of the normal rate of rotation, will be immediately and accurately compensated for by shifting of the valve and constant changes in the amount of water permitted to flow, and the governor thereby immediately restored to normal position. Should, however, the application of the fluid-pressure be continued in either direction to the motor until said motor moves the gate to either limit of its movement, the valve will be returned to an intermediate position and fluid-pressure env tirely cut ofi by the following means.

42 is a rock-shaft journaled at 43 and 44 and carrying at one end a segment-rack 45, having teeth 46 at its lower end, which are engaged by a worm 47 on the shaft 1, so that as said shaft rotates it will impart movement to the segment and rock the shaft 42. The rock-shaft carries upon its other end a bifurcated lever 48, carrying set-screws 49 and 50, which when the segment 45 is moved to either limit come in contact with the lever 38 and move it to an intermediate position whether it be up or down, and thereby set the valve-plug -12 to a position whichcuts ofi the supply of fluid-pressure. By this means the apparatus is rendere'din'capable of doing any damage by continuing the rotation of the motor too long.

As a further safety device to cause the ap: paratus to immediately shut 0d the water entirely in case of accident, such. as slipping the belt, I employ a lever 52, fulcrumed at 53 on an arm 54, which projects up from the base of the governor, and said lever carries a lifting-arm 55, in which is a set-screw 56, engaging beneath the lever 38, While the free end 57 of the lever 52 is engaged by a pin 58 in the governor-rod 34. When anything happens to the apparatus which causes the governor to stop and assume a position of rest, the lever 52 will be elevated a distance sufficient to raise the lever 38 and depress the valve-plug 12. The degree of this depression of the valve-plug can be regulated at will by the screw 56, and this adjustment may be such that fluid-pressure will be entirely cut 05 from the motor, so that the water will be continued at the same rate or quantity or the screw 56 may be so adjusted, and I prefer to so adjust it, that the valve-plug 12 will be depressed sufficiently to deliver fluid-pressure through pipe 6 and cause the gate to be shut down. The valve-plug then remains in this position until the gate is entirely shut, when the valve will be shifted to neutral position by the bifurcated lever 48 and rockshaft 42, as heretofore explained.

Referring now to Figs. 4 to 12, the motor consists of an outer shell 60, having a closed head 61 and a removable head 62, of which the closed head has a depression 63, while the removable head has a packed bearing 64. 65 is adrum within the cylinder and of sufficiently smaller diameter to leave a pressure-chamber 66. This pressure-chamber is divided into compartments by means of blocks 67, carried by the cylinder and bearing against the periphery of the drum. The construction of these blocks is shown clearly in Fig. 12. They are formed with dovetailed recesses into which is poured Babbitt metal 68 while the drum is in place for the purpose of making a packing, the Babbitt metal being thereby caused to make an accurate fit against the periphery of the drum. The drum is further provided with radially reciprocating gates 69, workingin slots formed in the drum to receive them and which slots extend from side to side of the drum in its outer portions, so that said gates may make a tight connection with the cylinder. (See Fig. 4.) The drum has a trunnion 70, which fits snugly into the recess 63 and is formed with an axial oil-passage 7l,communicating with the central cavity 72 of said drum, and a trunnion 73, which has turningbearing in a removable ring 74, secured by screws 75 to the outer edge of the cylinder and forming the outer bearing or guide for the gates. The trunnion 74 also has a flange 76, which receives a boss 77, formed on the inner face ofthe removable head 62, and thus assists in holding the drum in place. 78 represents the shaft of the motor secured by pins 79 to the flange 7 6, and said shaft works in the packed bearing 64, as plainly seen from the drawings. 80 represents pitmen, the construction of which is seen in Fig. 7, and which are formed with elongated and perforated heads 81 and secured at 82 to the gates by means of pins 83, while their other ends 84L receive the wrist-pins 85 of the cranks 86, and thus impart reciprocating motion from the cranks to the gates. Each crank has a shaft 87, which projects outward through the wall of the drum and there receives a gear-wheel 88, which is secured by 'a pin 89, passing through the hub of the gear-wheelflO and a perforation 91 in said shaft 87. As the'gates approach the blocks they are drawn in flush with the periphery of the drum, so as to pass said blocks, and as soon as they passithe blocks they are projected again, so as to abut against the inner face of the cylinder and offer pressure-faces for the liquid-pressure which enters the openings 3 or it. In order to withdraw or project each gate as it approaches or leaves the block, I arrange. segmental racks 92, as shown in Fig. 5, at such points as to insure engagement with and rotation of each of the symmetrically arranged gear-wheels 88 on the respective crankshafts 87. Each rack and gear-wheel is so proportionedthat it will cause a complete revolution of the crank during the transit for the purpose already explained. between the racks are segmental stops 93, projecting farther inward than the racks and adapted to engage flat spaces 94: in the gearwheels, which are brought upon them at the proper time by the rotation of said gearwheels, and by this means the crank, and through it the gate, is positively held in projected" position and caused to make a liquidtight joint at all times except when it is passing a block. The construction of the segmental rack will be understood upon reference to the detailed view, Fig. 10, while the construction of the locking-plate is shown in Fig. 11. To make a tight joint between the gates 69 and the walls of the openings in the drum through which gates pass, I provide undercut recesses 95, into which I pour Babbitt metal while the gate is in place. By this means a tight sliding joint is made, and the joint is readily replaced at any time. 97 represents the radial perforations through the gates for the passage of oil backward and forward during the reciprocating movement as the oil is replaced either in the central cavity of the drum or in the outer pressure-chamber. As

Interposed controlling communication of said power, the

governor to control, the position of said valve to cause movement of the winding-shaft in opposite directions, a lever also controlling said valve, and. a rock-shaft receiving opposite movements from the winding-shaft and engaging the valve-lever for actuating the valve when the winding-shaft reaches either limit of its movement, substantially as explained.

2.In a controller for water-powers, the combination of awinding-shaft, a fluid-pressure motor controlling said winding-shaft, a valve controlling the communication of fluid to said motor, a governor controlling said valve, a lever also controlling said valve, a rock-shaft having arms projecting on opposite sides of said lover, a toothed segment carried by said rock-shaft, and a worm-wheel on the winding-shaft engaging said segment, substantially as herein described,

3'. In a controller for water-powers, the combination of a winding-shaft, a fluid-pressure motor controlling said winding-shaft, a valve controlling the communication of pressure to said motor, a pressure-tank with which said valve communicates, a storagetank, and a pump having communication with said storage and pressure tanks for taking fluid from the former and delivering it under pressure in the latter, substantially as herein explained.

4:. In a controller for water-powers, the combination of a winding-shaft, the fluidpressure motor controlling said windingshaft, a valve having communication in opposite directions with the motor, a governor controlling the position of said valve, a pressure-tank supplying fluid under pressure to said valve, a storage-tank into which said valve exhausts, a pump having communications with the respective tanks for taking fluid {from one and delivering it under preserating said pump, substantially as herein explained.

MARCUS P.- SGHENGK.

In presence of- Monrnunn J. HALL, EDWARD Q. KNIGHT.

sure to the other, and suitable means for op- 

